A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
In the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz …
Intelligent on-demand design of phononic metamaterials
With the growing interest in the field of artificial materials, more advanced and sophisticated functionalities are required from phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials. This implies a high computational effort and cost, and still the efficiency of the …
Light activation of 3D-printed structures: from millimeter to sub-micrometer scale
Three-dimensional (3D) printing enables the fabrication of complex, highly customizable structures, which are difficult to fabricate using conventional fabrication methods. Recently, the concept of four-dimensional (4D) printing has emerged, which adds active …
Unveiling radial breathing mode in a particle-on-mirror plasmonic nanocavity
Plasmonic radial breathing mode (RBM), featured with radially oscillating charge density, arises from the surface plasmon waves confined in the flat nanoparticles. The zero net dipole moment endows the RBM with an extremely low radiation yet a remarkable …
Controlling asymmetric transmission phase in planar chiral metasurfaces
Metasurfaces with ultrathin artificial structures have attracted much attention because of their unprecedented capability in light manipulations. The recent development of metasurfaces with controllable responses opens up new opportunities in various …
Rayleigh anomaly-enabled mode hybridization in gold nanohole arrays by scalable colloidal lithography for highly-sensitive biosensing
Plasmonic sensors exhibit tremendous potential to accomplish real-time, label-free, and high-sensitivity biosensing. Gold nanohole array (GNA) is one of the classic plasmonic nanostructures that can be readily fabricated and integrated into microfluidic …
Enhanced terahertz detection of multigate graphene nanostructures
Terahertz (THz) waves have revealed a great potential for use in various fields and for a wide range of challenging applications. High-performance detectors are, however, vital for exploitation of THz technology. Graphene plasmonic THz detectors have proven …
The anisotropic broadband surface plasmon polariton and hot carrier properties of borophene monolayer
Borophene monolayer with its intrinsic metallic and anisotropic band structures exhibits extraordinary electronic, optical, and transport properties. Especially, the high density of Dirac electrons enables promising applications for building low-loss …
Probing higher order optical modes in all-dielectric nanodisk, -square, and -triangle by aperture type scanning near-field optical microscopy
All-dielectric nanoantennas, consisting of high refractive index semiconductor material, are drawing a great deal of attention in nanophotonics. Owing to their ability to manipulate efficiently the flow of light within sub-wavelength volumes, they have become …
Cascaded microsphere-coupled surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (CMS-SERS) for ultrasensitive trace-detection
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been widely investigated and employed as a powerful optical analytical technique providing fingerprint vibrational information of molecules with high sensitivity and resolution. In addition to metallic …
Morphology adjustable microlens array fabricated by single spatially modulated femtosecond pulse
Silica microlens arrays (MLAs) with multiple numerical-apertures (NAs) have high thermal and mechanical stability, and have potential application prospects in 3D display and rapid detection. However, it is still a challenge to rapidly fabricate silica MLAs …
Design framework for polarization-insensitive multifunctional achromatic metalenses
Controlling the wavefront of light, especially on a subwavelength scale, is pivotal in modern optics. Metasurfaces present a unique platform for realizing flat lenses, called metalenses, with thicknesses on the order of the wavelength. Despite substantial …
Electro-optically modulated lossy-mode resonance
Sensitivity, selectivity, reliability, and measurement range of a sensor are vital parameters for its wide applications. Fast growing number of various detection systems seems to justify worldwide efforts to enhance one or some of the parameters. Therefore, …
Double Rabi splitting in methylene blue dye-Ag nanocavity
We demonstrate a double Rabi splitting totaling 348 meV in an Ag nanocavity embedding of methylene blue (MB) dye layer, which is ascribed to the equilibrium state of monomer and dimer coexistence in MB dye. At low dye concentration, the single-mode strong …
Broadband high-efficiency near-infrared graphene phase modulators enabled by metal–nanoribbon integrated hybrid plasmonic waveguides
The phase modulator is a key component in optical communications for its phase modulation functions. In this paper, we numerically demonstrate a variety of ultra-compact high-efficiency graphene phase modulators (GPMs) based on metal–nanoribbon integrated …